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Reference pKa Tables Master Table — Representative pKa Values

Master Table — Representative pKa Values

Estimated reading time: 2 min

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Ordered from strongest acid to weakest.

CompoundAcidic SitepKa (approx.)Compound Class
HClH–Cl−7Mineral acid (reference point)
H₃O⁺H–OH₂⁺−1.7Hydronium (reference point)
Trifluoroacetic acidCF₃COOH0.2Carboxylic acid (heavily inductive)
Trichloroacetic acidCCl₃COOH0.7Carboxylic acid (heavily inductive)
Dichloroacetic acidCl₂CHCOOH1.3Carboxylic acid
Chloroacetic acidClCH₂COOH2.9Carboxylic acid
Formic acidHCOOH3.8Carboxylic acid
Benzoic acidPhCOOH4.2Carboxylic acid
Anilinium ionPhNH₃⁺4.6Ammonium (conjugate acid of a weak amine)
Acetic acidCH₃COOH4.8Carboxylic acid
Pyridinium ionC₅H₅NH⁺5.2Ammonium (aromatic amine)
p-Nitrophenol4-O₂N–C₆H₄OH7.2Phenol (electron-poor ring)
Acetylacetone (pentane-2,4-dione)–CH₂– between two C=O~91,3-Dicarbonyl (doubly activated α-C–H)
Ammonium ionNH₄⁺9.25Ammonium
PhenolC₆H₅OH10.0Phenol
Methylammonium ionCH₃NH₃⁺10.6Ammonium (alkyl amine)
Diethyl malonate–CH₂– between two esters~131,3-Dicarbonyl (doubly activated α-C–H)
WaterH₂O15.7Reference solvent
EthanolCH₃CH₂OH16Alcohol
tert-Butanol(CH₃)₃COH18Alcohol (more hindered/less stabilized)
AcetoneCH₃–CO–CH₃, α-C–H20Ketone α-carbon
Terminal alkyneHC≡CH, C–H25Hydrocarbon (sp C–H)
Ethyl acetateCH₃CO–OEt, α-C–H25Ester α-carbon
AmmoniaNH₃38Reference (as an acid, not a base)
EthyleneH₂C=CH₂, C–H44Hydrocarbon (sp² C–H)
EthaneCH₃CH₃, C–H50Hydrocarbon (sp³ C–H)