Reference pKa Tables Master Table — Representative pKa Values
Master Table — Representative pKa Values
Estimated reading time: 2 min
In this section
Ordered from strongest acid to weakest.
| Compound | Acidic Site | pKa (approx.) | Compound Class |
|---|---|---|---|
| HCl | H–Cl | −7 | Mineral acid (reference point) |
| H₃O⁺ | H–OH₂⁺ | −1.7 | Hydronium (reference point) |
| Trifluoroacetic acid | CF₃COOH | 0.2 | Carboxylic acid (heavily inductive) |
| Trichloroacetic acid | CCl₃COOH | 0.7 | Carboxylic acid (heavily inductive) |
| Dichloroacetic acid | Cl₂CHCOOH | 1.3 | Carboxylic acid |
| Chloroacetic acid | ClCH₂COOH | 2.9 | Carboxylic acid |
| Formic acid | HCOOH | 3.8 | Carboxylic acid |
| Benzoic acid | PhCOOH | 4.2 | Carboxylic acid |
| Anilinium ion | PhNH₃⁺ | 4.6 | Ammonium (conjugate acid of a weak amine) |
| Acetic acid | CH₃COOH | 4.8 | Carboxylic acid |
| Pyridinium ion | C₅H₅NH⁺ | 5.2 | Ammonium (aromatic amine) |
| p-Nitrophenol | 4-O₂N–C₆H₄OH | 7.2 | Phenol (electron-poor ring) |
| Acetylacetone (pentane-2,4-dione) | –CH₂– between two C=O | ~9 | 1,3-Dicarbonyl (doubly activated α-C–H) |
| Ammonium ion | NH₄⁺ | 9.25 | Ammonium |
| Phenol | C₆H₅OH | 10.0 | Phenol |
| Methylammonium ion | CH₃NH₃⁺ | 10.6 | Ammonium (alkyl amine) |
| Diethyl malonate | –CH₂– between two esters | ~13 | 1,3-Dicarbonyl (doubly activated α-C–H) |
| Water | H₂O | 15.7 | Reference solvent |
| Ethanol | CH₃CH₂OH | 16 | Alcohol |
| tert-Butanol | (CH₃)₃COH | 18 | Alcohol (more hindered/less stabilized) |
| Acetone | CH₃–CO–CH₃, α-C–H | 20 | Ketone α-carbon |
| Terminal alkyne | HC≡CH, C–H | 25 | Hydrocarbon (sp C–H) |
| Ethyl acetate | CH₃CO–OEt, α-C–H | 25 | Ester α-carbon |
| Ammonia | NH₃ | 38 | Reference (as an acid, not a base) |
| Ethylene | H₂C=CH₂, C–H | 44 | Hydrocarbon (sp² C–H) |
| Ethane | CH₃CH₃, C–H | 50 | Hydrocarbon (sp³ C–H) |